A PLC program runs inside a continuous scan cycle. Each cycle has three main steps and repeats within milliseconds.
- 1Read inputs
All input states are copied to an image memory.
- 2Execute the program
The logic is solved on the image memory.
- 3Write outputs
Results are transferred to physical outputs.
If scan time grows too long, fast signals can be missed. Interrupts or hardware counters are used for critical events.
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